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Command bus

The command bus allows you to create commands that can be dispatched to corresponding handlers.

The main advantage of using this pattern is that the commands can be used from anywhere within your application and thus greatly reduce code duplication.

Basic usage

In this example we'll be creating a command and a handler for creating users.

First we'll make our CreateUserCommand. As you can see, the command acts as a simple data container.

<?php

namespace app\commands;

use mako\commander\CommandInterface;

class CreateUserCommand implements CommandInterface
{
	public $email;
	public $username;
	public $password;

	public function __construct($email, $username, $password)
	{
		$this->email    = $email;
		$this->username = $username;
		$this->password = $password;
	}
}

Next we'll make a CreateUserHandler. Command handlers are instantiated by the dependency injection container so you can easily inject all your dependencies using the constructor.

<?php

namespace app\commands;

use mako\auth\Gatekeeper;
use mako\commander\CommandInterface;
use mako\commander\CommandHandlerInterface;

class CreateUserHandler implements CommandHandlerInterface
{
	protected $gatekeeper;

	public function __construct(Gatekeeper $gatekeeper)
	{
		$this->gatekeeper = $gatekeeper;
	}

	public function handle(CommandInterface $command)
	{
		$email    = $command->email;
		$username = $command->username;
		$password = $command->password;

		$this->gatekeeper->createUser($email, $username, $password);
	}
}

This is a very basic example but you would also want to include input validation in your command handler. The CommandHandlerInterface::handle() method can return data that can be used to handle successes and errors.

Note that all command handlers must follow a strict naming convention. The Command suffix of your command class will be replaced by a Handler suffix. If no Command suffix is present then the word Handler will just be appended to the class name.

Command name Handler name
CreateUserCommand CreateUserHandler
CreateUser CreateUserHandler

We are now ready to dispatch our command using the CommandBus::dispatch() method. In the following example we'll be creating a user from a controller method.

<?php

namespace app\controllers;

use app\commands\CreateUserCommand;

use mako\commander\CommandBus;
use mako\http\Request;
use mako\http\routing\Controller;

class Register extends Controller
{
	public function createUser(Request $request, CommandBus $commander)
	{
		$post = $request->getPost();

		$email    = $post->get('email');
		$username = $post->get('username');
		$password = $post->get('password');

		$commander->dispatch(new CreateUserCommand($email, $username, $password));
	}
}

As previously mentioned, you can re-use your commands anywhere in your application. Here we'll dispatch our command from a console command, and as you can see we haven't had to duplicate any of the user creation code.

<?php

namespace app\console\commands\users;

use app\commands\CreateUserCommand;

use mako\commander\CommandBus;
use mako\reactor\Command;

class Create extends Command
{
	public function execute(CommandBus $commander)
	{
		$email    = $this->question('Email:');
		$username = $this->question('Username:');
		$password = $this->secret('Password:');

		$commander->dispatch(new CreateUserCommand($email, $username, $password));
	}
}

Middleware

Middleware can be used to decorate your command handlers with additional functionality. The example middleware below will wrap your command handler in a database transaction.

<?php

namespace app\commands\middleware;

use Closure;
use PDOException;

use mako\commander\CommandInterface;
use mako\database\ConnectionManager;

class TransactionMiddleware
{
	protected $database;

	public function __construct(ConnectionManager $database)
	{
		$this->database = $database;
	}

	public function execute(CommandInterface $command, Closure $next)
	{
		try
		{
			$this->database->beginTransaction();

			$next($command);

			$this->database->commitTransaction();
		}
		catch(PDOException $e)
		{
			$this->database->rollBackTransaction();
		}
	}
}

Adding middleware to the command bus is done using the CommandBus::addMiddleware() method.

$commander->addMiddleware(TransactionMiddleware::class);

Adding middleware like shown in the example above will decorate all command handlers executed by the command bus. You can also assign middleware at call-time if you don't want to affect subsequent handlers.

$middleware = [TransactionMiddleware::class];

$commander->dispatch(new CreateUserCommand($email, $username, $password), [], $middleware);

Middleware is instantiated by the dependency injection container so you can easily inject all your dependencies using the constructor.